VERBALIZATION OF THE HEALING PROPERTIES OF THE DENOTATA IN THE NAMES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS: THE EXTRALINGUISTIC ASPECT OF MONOLINGUAL EDUCATION (BY THE MATERIAL OF GERMAN)
Oksana G. Kuptcova1, Anna L. Kolyago²*,
Alla A. Fokina3, Elena L. Petrova4, Galina L. Sokolova5
1Ast. Prof., Interregional Open Social Institute, Mari State University, RUSSIA, kuptcovaOG@yandex.ru
²Ast. Prof., Mari State University, RUSSIA, kolyago@yandex.ru
³Ast. Prof., Mari State University, RUSSIA, allafokina70@mail.ru
4Ast. Prof., Mari State University, RUSSIA, jandar78@mail.ru
5Ast. Prof., Mari State University, RUSSIA, askgalinasokol@mail.ru
*Corresponding author
Abstract
Modern linguistics has extensive experience in mono-and multilingual comparative study and description of the names of medicinal plants. Medicinal plants have been an excellent treatment and prevention of diseases. To identify the right plant among many similar ones, people gave them easy-to-remember names based on the appearance of the plant, the period of its flowering or the place of growth. But due to the fact that the main field of application of medicinal plants is healing, herbalists and healers often gave plants names associated with the cause of the disease, the purpose of treatment, the method of application of the medicinal plant. If the plant helped with skin diseases, then the lexeme clean was used, if it was necessary to stop the bleeding, then the phytonym could include the lexeme blood, a cut.
The extralinguistic aspect of monolingual education implies a description of the phytonymic vocabulary in the German language, taking into account the ethnolinguistic factor of the nomination. The paper analyzes and systematizes the German names of the most common medicinal plants and their corresponding scientific and dialect phytonyms. Phytonyms are differentiated and described on the basis of motivational features common to each lexico-semantic group. The purpose of this study is to analyze the German dialect and literary names of herbaceous medicinal plants from the point of view of displaying the medicinal properties of the denotata. The task of the study is to determine the etymology of these pharmacophytonyms, as well as the word-formation motivation of one-word names (and components of multi-word names); to analyze the structure of names and identify ways of nomination. The German names of medicinal plants collected and published in the Short Quadrilingual Dictionary of Phytonyms (Rubtcova, 2015) served as the material for the study.
Keywords: phytonym, motivema, the German language, language education, medicinal plants, nomination, magic properties, traditional medicine.
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